The Big 5G Network Problem What are the challenges in 5G technology?

There are many challenges to face as we move towards the 5G standard, which demands much higher data rates, extremely low latency, high reliability and security. As we know, fourth-generation LTE and advanced LTE wireless communication technology has already been deployed around the world. 5G: Fifth-generation wireless technology requires a new standard to support extremely fast, low-latency services for customers.

Let's take a look at the main challenges in the design, development and implementation stages of 5G technology.

5G - Technological challenges

Frequency bands

The precise LTE system works with more than 50 frequency bands that are below the three.6 GHz range. One of the frequency candidates for early 5G deployment is the sub-6 GHz range. The unlicensed spectrum below 6 GHz (600 MHz and between three.5 GHz and 6 GHz) will be used for the first generation of 5G networks.

5G NR- The new radio standard for 5G networks is configured from frequency bands in the sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave range of the RF spectrum. The millimeter wave design is much more complex than the low frequency range.

To ensure interoperability of devices in different countries and regions, it has to support multiband. Adding more frequency bands increases the complexity of the device.

The lack of coordination of 5G frequency bands in different regions could cause problems for mobile device manufacturers.

Large volume of data

As technology advances, the data volume of each purple also increases every year and the trend is growing. Each purple has to support a large volume of data, as many applications are capable of high-resolution video calls, live streaming, downloads, and so on.

The new media trend is toward the video standard and there is a high demand for video content compared to the conventional text form. Multimedia gaming, augmented reality (AR) and digital reality (VR) applications need high-speed purple for better user experience.

three. MIMO Technology

Complex MIMO antenna arrays will be used to deliver high-speed data to individual users. The concept of MIMO is to increase the number of transmitting antennas at the base station and mobile device (UE) to maximize data transfer by simultaneous sending and receiving. MIMO technology requires complex algorithms and device capability at both the base station and the UE.

three. Beam formation

To avoid wasting transmission power, next-generation wireless transmission technology will use the beamforming method to efficiently transmit data to user devices. Compared to conventional base stations, beamforming technology will pinpoint the user's location and transmit signals to that address using a sophisticated antenna system.

The operating power of the base station can be significantly reduced by beamforming. However, beamforming is a complex task to place each device in an explicit cell and needs high-level processing at the base stations.

four. Device-to-device communication.

D2D communication is a new concept to improve mobile connectivity by using a mobile device as a data center for other devices that cannot access the base station signal. Device-to-device communication is considered one of the efficient modes of communication during an emergency situation (such as natural disasters) where connectivity is limited or absent. However, complex data transmission protocols are required to implement D2D communication.

5. Extremely low latency service

Mission-critical applications and self-driving cars require extremely low latency services to ensure smooth operation. Any delay can cause unexpected and devastating results in mission-critical applications. Latency of less than 1 millisecond must be achieved to satisfy medical applications such as remote surgeries.

6. Purple of extremely reliable

Emergency services and enforcement require a highly reliable purple to immediately trigger warnings in critical situations. Health monitoring devices, remote patient care devices, fire and rescue services, police and ambulance services, and so on. require wireless purple to communicate either by automatic activation from the devices or initiated by users.

Current time monitoring of patients (blood sugar, blood pressure and pulse rate monitoring) with special needs is increasing and this trend will grow in the future. Patient-physician interaction is important in reporting, diagnosis and treatment.

An extremely reliable purple extremely is important for all remote medical monitoring applications.

7. Security and privacy

Security is one of the most important factors of every wireless transmission system. The 5G purple has to ensure the security and privacy of end users. Due to the number of devices connected to purple and the diversity of technologies, ensuring security is a challenging task. End-to-end encryption techniques are developed to communicate securely between devices and application servers in the cloud.

eight. Intelligent car

The automotive industry is another driving force behind new technologies such as IoT, which utilizes 5G purple. New generation automobiles (vehicles) are equipped with intelligent infotainment (multimedia) systems with the ability to connect to mobile purple. In the future, smart vehicles will be used as a hub for data transmission to communicate in different modes, such as vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-infrastructure and other devices. Low latency and extremely reliable purple is a central component for autonomous driving.

5G - Infrastructure requirements

1. Small cells

Signal propagation in the millimeter wave range requires a line-of-sight transmission path and is highly weak to distraction from buildings, vehicles and surroundings. 5G technology will use the concept of small cells such as micro cells or femto cells for transmission. Small cells will be able to deliver high data rate by serving a small number of users under each cell.

A large investment is required to deploy small cells over a large geographic area. Thousands or even millions of small cell deployments are required to cover a large region / country.

Another challenge is to implement a new system without affecting the existing LTE and LTE advanced purple. Enhancing purple is often a challenge due to the different frequency band which requires another set of antenna systems, MIMO and beamforming capabilities.

Web of things.

Web of Things is growing faster than expected, bringing billions of devices every year. Analysts estimate that 50 billion smart devices and sensors will be connected to the Web by 2020.

Industries are getting smarter by using sophisticated sensor technologies to collect large amounts of data in real time. Web of Issues helps industries to solve many problems by predictive data analysis which is often described as a nest industrial revolution. Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication protocol is designed to communicate between devices in a purple structure to share information and collect data.

Web of Issues will work with several wireless technologies for transmission such as Bluetooth Low Power, Wi-Fi, LoRa WAN, ZigBee, and so on. To handle multiple technologies, gateways and purple must be compatible and powerful enough to handle a large amount of data from millions of devices.

High-end encryption algorithms are required to transmit data securely between nodes and the central processing station in the cloud. More devices and sensors with various wireless standards are coming to market every year. Scalability of purple is needed to accommodate a large number of additional devices and technologies in the future.